Venv + pip

Usage looks like

Create a new virtual environment called venv inside the current folder:

$ python -m venv venv

Activate it by sourcing the activate script inside the virtual environment:

source venv/bin/activate
(venv)$

With the virtual environment activated, install packages local to the project with:

(venv)$ python -m pip install <package-name>

For testing, consistent coding style, understandable code and protection from the most common security vulnerabilities, install:

(venv)$ python -m pip install pytest-cov isort flake8 bandit safety pre-commit mypy isort black

To deactivate run

(venv)$ deactivate

For reproducibility, you can keep a list of required packages for the project inside a requirements.txt file. You can manually create the file and add packages or use the pip freeze command to generate it:

(venv)$ python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt

And you'll have to manually separate development (pytest, black, isort, ...) and production (Flask, Django, FastAPI, ..) dependencies using a separate requirements-dev.txt file.